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Abstract Detail



Evolutionary History, Biogeography, and Floral Morphometrics of Salvia (Lamiaceae)

Fragoso-Martinez, Itzi [1], Salazar, Gerardo [2], Martínez-Gordillo, Martha [3], Clase, Teodoro [4], Martínez-Ambríz, Emmanuel [5], Magallon, Susana [6], Granados Mendoza, Carolina [7], Freire, Efraín [8], Peñafiel Cevallos, Marcia [8], Tobar, Francisco [8].

Comparative floral morphology in a clade of Neotropical sages with contrasting pollination syndromes.

The genus Salvia is distinguished by two monothecal stamens with elongated, fused connectives, forming a spatulate structure known as the staminal lever. This structure restricts access to the nectar to pollinators, and by pushing the lever to accede the nectar, they get loaded with pollen. Salvia subgenus Calosphace is the most diverse lineage of Salvia and is endemic to the Neotropics, with almost 600 species distributed in four main diversity centers: Mexico and Central America, the Andes, eastern Brazil, and the Antilles. Calosphace is the only clade in Salvia where bird-pollination has evolved repeatedly. Although most Calosphace species are pollinated by bees (58%), hummingbird pollination is common, especially in South America and the Antilles. The shift to ornithophily from melittophily has been linked to an increase in speciation rates in different flowering plant lineages from the Neotropics, and this relation has been also hypothesized as one of the factors responsible for the current species diversity of Calosphace. However, this hypothesis has not been formally evaluated in a phylogenetic framework. The Angulatae clade, one of the most diverse in Calosphace, encompasses species from three diversification centers and the ornithophily has evolved at least three times in it. In this work we used the Angulatae clade as a model to study the evolution of floral morphological traits that have been associated to ornithophily. Overall, these traits are: 1) exserted stamens (vs. inserted stamens); 2) the reduction of the inferior lobe of the corolla, deeming it unstable for landing of bees or other insects (vs. reflexed lobe); 3) a tubular corolla (vs. ventricose corolla). The evolutionary implications of the modifications observed in the studied traits are discussed.


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1 - National Autonomous University of Mexico, Botany, Apartado Postal 70–367 Coyoacán, Mexico City, Mexico City, 045110, México
2 - Universidad Nacional Autonoma De Mexico, INSTITUTO DE BIOLOGIA, Botanica, Apartado Postal 70-367, Mexico City, DIF, 04510, Mexico
3 - National Autonomous University of Mexico, Faculty of Science, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Copilco, Coyoacan, Mexico City, Mexico City, 045110, México
4 - Jardín Botánico Nacional “Dr. Rafael Ma. Moscoso”, Herbario JBSD, Santo Domingo
5 - Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Facultad de Ciencias, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Copilco, Coyoacan, Mexico City, Mexico City, 045110, México
6 - Universidad Nacional Autonoma De Mexico, Instituto De Biologia, 3er Circuito De Ciudad Universitaria, Del. Coyoacan, A.p. 70-233, Mexico City, Mexico D.F., DIF, 04510, Mexico
7 - National Autonomous University Of Mexico, Departamento De Botánica, Instituto De Biología, U.N.A.M. Circuito Exterior S/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Copilco, Coyoacán A.P. 70-367, Mexico City, 04510, Mexico
8 - Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad, Herbario Nacional del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador

Keywords:
diversification
melittophily
Floral traits
ornithophily
Calosphace
mint.

Presentation Type: Colloquium Presentations
Session: C09, Evolutionary history, biogeography, and floral morphometrics and Salvia (Lamiaceae)
Location: 105/Mayo Civic Center
Date: Wednesday, July 25th, 2018
Time: 8:30 AM
Number: C09003
Abstract ID:723
Candidate for Awards:None


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