Abstract Detail

Applications of Plant Genomics

Wen, Jun [1], Harris, AJ [2], Kalburgi, Yash [3], Zhang, Ning [4], Xu, Yuan [5], Zheng, Wei [6], Ickert-Bond, Stefanie [7], Johnson, Gabriel [8], Zimmer, Elizabeth [9].

Chloroplast phylogenomics of the New World grape species (Vitis, Vitaceae).

Vitis L. (the grape genus) is the economically most important fruit crop, as the source of grapes and wine. Phylogenetic relationships within the genus have been highly controversial. We herein employ sequence data from whole plastomes to attempt to enhance Vitis phylogenetic resolution. The results support the New World Vitis subgenus Vitis as monophyletic. Within the clade, V. californica is sister to the remaining New World Vitis subgenus Vitis. Furthermore, within subgenus Vitis, a Eurasian clade is robustly supported and is sister to the New World clade. The clade of Vitis vinifera ssp. vinifera and V. vinifera ssp. sylvestris is sister to the core Asian Vitis clade. Several widespread species in North America are found to be non-monophyletic in the plastome tree, for example, the broadly defined Vitis cinerea and V. aestivalis each needs to be split into several species. The non-monophyly of some species may also be due to common occurences of hybridizations in North American Vitis. The classification of North American Vitis by Munson into nine series is discussed based on the phylogenetic results. Analyses of divergence times and lineage diversification support a rapid radiation of Vitis in North America beginning in the Neogene.

1 - Botany, MRC-166 National Museum Of Natural History, 10th St. & Constitution Ave., NW, Mrc 166, Washington/DC, 20013, United States
2 - Oberlin College, Oberlin, OH, 44074, USA
3 - Smithsonian Institution, Botany, Washington, DC, 20013-7012, USA
4 - FDA/Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, College Park, MD, USA
5 - Chinese Academy of Science, South China Botanical Garden, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
6 - Kunming University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Architecture and City Planning, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
7 - University Of Alaska Fairbanks, Herbarium (ALA) And Dept. Of Biology And Wildlife, University Of Alaska Fairbanks, 907 Yukon Dr., Fairbanks, AK, 99775, United States
8 - 3617 14th St NW, Washington, DC, 20010, United States
9 - Smithsonian NMNH, Botany, P.O. Box 37102, Smithsonian National Museum Of Natural History, Washington, DC, 20013, United States

Keywords:
grape family
Vitaceae
Phylogenomics
Taxonomy.

Presentation Type: Colloquium Presentations
Session: C13, Applications of Plant Genomics
Location: 104/Mayo Civic Center
Date: Wednesday, July 25th, 2018
Time: 2:45 PM
Number: C13005
Abstract ID:588
Candidate for Awards:None